Summary: Major Facilitator Superfamily
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Transporter classification: | 2.A.1 |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR011701
Among the different families of transporter, only two occur ubiquitously in all classifications of organisms. These are the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily and the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). The MFS transporters are single-polypeptide secondary carriers capable only of transporting small solutes in response to chemiosmotic ion gradients [ PUBMED:9529885 , PUBMED:9868370 , PUBMED:32205149 ].
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of membrane proteins represents the largest family of secondary transporters with members from Archaea to Homo sapiens. MFS proteins target a wide spectrum of substrates, including ions, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and peptides, nucleosides and other small molecules in both directions across the membrane, in many instances catalysing active transport by transducing the energy stored in an proton electrochemical gradient into a concentration gradient of substrate [ PUBMED:23530251 ]. One remarkable characteristic of the MFS is the high sequence variety within the superfamily. The sequences identity ranges around 12-18% but regions of functional similarity (e.g., substrate- or H-binding sites) align for only very closely related MFS transporters. A hydrophobic amino acid content of 60-70% of most MFS members, high alfa-helix content and an inherent symmetry of the proteins with regard to helix kinks and bends provides nonspecific overlapping of residues and probably accounts for the reported similarities. Structure from representative members show 12 transmembrane sections (TMSs) surrounding a central cavity, forming a semi-symmetrical structure. MFS includes 105 families based on phylogenetic analysis, sequence alignments, overlap of hydropathy plots, compatibility of repeat units, similarity of complexity profiles of transmembrane segments, shared protein domains and 3D structural similarities between transport proteins [ PUBMED:32205149 ].
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
Molecular function | transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0022857) |
Biological process | transmembrane transport (GO:0055085) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan MFS (CL0015), which has the following description:
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is one of the two largest families of membrane transporters found on Earth [1]. It is present ubiquitously in bacteria, archaea, and eukarya and includes members that can function by solute uniport, solute/cation symport, solute/cation antiport and/or solute/solute antiport with inwardly and/or outwardly directed polarity [1]. All permeases of the MFS possess either 12 or 14 transmembrane helices [1].
The clan contains the following 26 members:
Acatn ATG22 BT1 CLN3 DUF5690 Folate_carrier FPN1 LacY_symp MFS_1 MFS_1_like MFS_2 MFS_3 MFS_4 MFS_5 MFS_Mycoplasma Nodulin-like Nuc_H_symport Nucleoside_tran OATP PTR2 PUCC Sugar_tr TLC TRI12 UNC-93 UVB_sens_protAlignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets and the UniProtKB sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
Seed (192) |
Full (477899) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (1860914) |
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RP15 (53319) |
RP35 (193295) |
RP55 (431580) |
RP75 (777989) |
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Jalview | |||||||
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PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key:
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not generated,
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Seed (192) |
Full (477899) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (1860914) |
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RP15 (53319) |
RP35 (193295) |
RP55 (431580) |
RP75 (777989) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
Seed source: | Pfam-B_5 (Release 13.0) |
Previous IDs: | none |
Type: | Family |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0100021 |
Author: |
Bateman A |
Number in seed: | 192 |
Number in full: | 477899 |
Average length of the domain: | 309.6 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 13 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 77.09 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 61295632 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 353 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 19 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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This visualisation provides a simple graphical representation of the distribution of this family across species. You can find the original interactive tree in the adjacent tab. More...
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the MFS_1 domain has been found. There are 78 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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AlphaFold Structure Predictions
The list of proteins below match this family and have AlphaFold predicted structures. Click on the protein accession to view the predicted structure.